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The most controversial issue is whether low level exposures to EDCs can have adverse effects. Some scientists have found effects at low doses in laboratory experiments, while others have not been able to corroborate these findings. Some say that traditional testing methods are not robust enough to pick up low-dose effects. These are important issues to resolve because of the presence of low levels of EDCs in the environment

The question of how much exposure to an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDCs) is necessary to produce an effect is perhaps the most controversial issue in endocrine disruption. One of the reasons for this is because EDCs often act by mimicking or counteracting the actions of hormones produced naturally by the body. These natural hormones are often more powerful than any foreign EDCs and are present in the body at levels already influencing biological function.
Since any EDC presence is an addition to these natural hormones, it can be argued that exposure to low doses of EDCs could have measurable additional effects on biological functions. In other words, EDCs could have no threshold for their activity – that is, any exposure, no matter how small, might trigger some effect.
Reports of EDC effects in laboratory animals at low doses are highly controversial and the subject of intense research. Scientists from different laboratories have not always been able to obtain the same results at low doses. Another issue is whether traditional testing methods are robust enough to pick up low-dose effects.
Similarly, there is controversy over the issue of synergy – that is, whether simultaneous exposure to EDCs with similar actions might produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual activities. Again, scientists from different laboratories have not been able to obtain the same results using combinations of EDCs.
The timing of exposure is also an important factor in how the body responds to different doses - both for humans and wildlife, with respect to effects on development, reproduction, cancer, the immune system and the nervous system.
At present no firm conclusions can be drawn about low-dose effects. Researchers are continuing to look at this possibility

The issue of dose-response relationships is perhaps the most controversial issue regarding EDCs. One of the reasons is that EDCs often act by mimicking or antagonizing the actions of naturally occurring hormones. These hormones (often more potent than exogenous EDCs) are present at physiologically functional concentrations, so the dose-response considerations for EDCs are often different than for other environmental chemicals, which are not acting directly on the endocrine system. Reports of low-dose effects of EDCs are highly controversial and the subject of intense research. dose-response relationships are likely to vary for different chemicals and endocrine mechanisms. Timing of exposure is absolutely critical to the understanding of dose-response relationships for EDCs. This is true for both wildlife and humans and for cancer as well as for developmental, reproductive, immunological, and neurological effects. Numerous examples exist in the literature where age at exposure is a known risk factor.