oplæg rettelse

Why did I choose this topic ?

I chose this topic because it is something that interests me and because it is an experience that

will never be forgotten. This topic interests me because the apartheid system was an evil system

and I cannot understand why the whites started such a system.

What is apartheid ?

Apartheid means separation in Afrikaans. Apartheid is a racist ideology. It is based on the belief that it is important to separate the different races, and that the white race should have the power and lead the society. This system was developed in South Africa hundreds of years ago, but was first shown as a policy under the name of Apartheid in 1948, under the Nationalist
Party (NP) in South Africa.

The races were split into four separate groups:

1) Blacks
2) Whites
3) Colored
4) Asians

The goal of apartheid was for the white population to eventually live a life without being
connected to colored and black people.

Opposition against the Apartheid System

It was primarily the black people that organized oppositions against apartheid. The most well known opposition group at that time was the African National Congress (ANC). The opposition in the beginning was directed against the laws that took rights from the black people. Blacks were not allowed to vote. Black people demonstrated against police and were dealt with brutually. Colored, Asians and some whites
were also active in the fight against apartheid. Not at least the young whites who had fallen in love with a person from another race, and felt how hard it was. The Mixed Marriage law under the apartheid system made it illegal to marry someone from an another race.


The African National Congress (ANC)

ANC was formed in 1912 with the name South African Native National Congress. It was a
small political party of black people which began protesting against the New Earth Law. The
New Earth Law gave whites more of the earth than blacks. The whites got 87 % of the
South African area and the last 13 % was granted to the blacks. It was also illegal to buy earth from the whites. In 1923 the name of this political body changed to it’s current form, the African
National Congress (ANC). During the 1920s, the party was small and in 1930s was it so
small that the party did not have any importance in the Government. During the 1940s the ANC
formed the Youth branch. After they formed the youth branch, the party began to be more active.
They then organized a lot of non-violent Strikes, protests, boycotts and demonstrations.


Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela was born in 1918. He was a famous person in the fight against apartheid and
is the person who leaded South Africa to a democratic country. He came into the ANC in 1944 and become the leader of the ANC in 1949. he was arrested in 1962 for taking part of sabotage. He sentenced to five years in prison. One year later, he and several others were accused of having
planned sabotage and violent episodes from prison. After that, Mandela got his sentence prolonged to lifetime. In 1985, South African President Botha offered to release Mandela if he stopped the use of violence as a political tool. But Mandela rejected his offer. Mandela argued that Botha should end apartheid and stop the violence against the black people. Mandela was in prison until 1990 and was a symbol of the black opposition against the apartheid regime. In February 1990, Mandela was released from prison. Shortly after, he was elected Vice-President of the ANC. In 1991, he was elected President. In 1993, with the South Africa's white president de Klerk, Nelson Mandela received the Nobel Peace Prize. The following year, he was elected the country's president by the first free election, and was president until the next elections in 1999, where he choose to end his political career because of age. Nelson Mandela was a symbol of freedom and equality, not only for South Africa, but for the world.


Opposition Against Apartheid in Denmark

In Denmark 100 members of the Parliament requsted that people should boycott products from South Africa in 1963, but the social democrats at the parliament were against the boycott. Companies like F.L. Smidt and ØK that had a lot of business with South Africa were also against the boycott.


The End of Apartheid

Apartheid did after a long period end. In 1986, a discussion started between the ANC with Nelson Mandela and the NP. The discussion began because the NP felt the Apartheid system was out of control. In 1985 there were some violent demonstrations. 21 black people were killed by police and 1500 were arrested. It opened the eyes of the NP party. After some discussion between Mandela and F.W. de Klerk , the South African president decided to give the black people their voting rights back and to end the apartheid system in 1993.

vil blive rigtig glad vis nogen kunne rette det.