Kemi
Opløsning af kompleksdannelsen
Svar #1
13. oktober 2019 af mathon
Zinc^(2+) configuration - [Ar] 3d^10 4s^0 4p^0
The zinc ion has a 2+ charge. Neutral ligands, such as :NH3 are polar molecules because they have lone pairs of electrons which make the molecule electrically unbalanced - that is, the molecule has a dipole moment.
The slight negative dipole is attracted to the + ionic charge.
Now, Zn^2(+) has lost it’s 4s electrons and it’s 3d orbitals are all full. However, the empty 4s and empty 4p orbitals are close enough in energy to mix and hybridise to form four equivalent sp3 orbitals.
The single lone pair on the nitrogens of each of four ammonia molecules can form dative covalent bonds by inserting the lone pairs into the empty hybridised orbitals.
The shape of the sp3 hybrid orbitals gives rise to the tetrahedral structure of the tetrammine zinc(II) complex → [Zn(NH3)3]^(2+).
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